Circuit Design

IR Emitter/Detector Pairs and Op-Amps

Objectives Infrared (IR) emitters and detectors come as a pair of devices; one is a light source, and the other is a light sensor.

Level shifters

Introduction: What is a level shifter? A level shifter either shifts the voltage of a data line up or down depending on what your circuit entails.

MOSFET for use with a 3.3V and 5V Microcontroller

Selecting the MOSFET When selecting a MOSFET for either 3.3V or 5V applications there are three parameters to consider.

Motors

There are many types of motors out there each with their own pros and cons.

Power Supplies 101

What are the components of a basic power supply subsystem? Source of power - battery, AC adapter, solar Input electronic noise filtering circuit Voltage regulator to provide a constant supply voltage Output electronic noise filtering circuit What are the design considerations for a battery-operated circuit?

Pullup/Pulldown resistors

What are pullup resistors? Pull-up These are resistors used to pull a volage on a specific pin high.

Schematic checklist

Before exporting your schematic to create a PCB, you must verify the design and fix errors in the schematic 1.

Stepper Motor Selection and Control

Stepper Motor Selection There are four variables to consider when selecting a stepper motor